The Effect Polychronicity on Employee Engagement
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Abstract
The hotel industry is a work environment where activities are increasingly complex. Rapid world changes and globalization have caused major problems in today's commercial environment, especially in the hospitality industry including the provision and maintenance of superior guest services, labor scarcity, and retention of the best employees. This study examines the role of compensation as a moderating variable to test how polychronicity and job satisfaction influence employee engagement in the hospitality business. Purposive sampling and procedure were employed in the survey method data collection for the quantitive investigation. The study involved 422 hotel employees in Batam. Using Smart-PLS 3 tools, the data was processed and analyzed using the structural equation modeling PLS technique. With the challenges of globalization and growing operational complexity, it is crucial to understand how these factors can impact employee performance and retention in the hospitality sector, which is why this research attempts to provide a thorough understanding of this relationship. The study found that: job satisfaction positively and significantly mediated the relationship between polycrhonicity and employee engagement; polychronicity positively and significantly affected employee engagement; and job satisfaction positively and significantly affected job satisfaction.
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References
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Asghar, M., Gull, N., Tayyab, M., Zhijie, S., & Tao, X. (2020). Polychronicity at work : Work engagement as a mediator of the relationships between job outcomes. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 470–478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.10.002
Aziez, A. (2022). The Effect of Employee Engagement on Employee Performance with Job Satisfaction and Compensation as Mediating Role. Journal Of Social Research, 1(3), 221–230. https://doi.org/10.55324/josr.v1i3.58
Berisha, G. (2020). Fit to Last ? Investigating How Person-Job Fit and Person-Organization Fit Affect Turnover Intention in the Retail Context. Vilnius University Press, 11(2), 407–428.
Bluedorn, A. C., Kaufman, C. F., & Lane, P. M. (1992). How many things do you like to do at once ? An introduction to monochronic and polychronic time. Academy of Management Executive, 6, 17–26.
Chaerunissa, E., & Pancasasti, R. (2021). Pengaruh Employee Engagement dan Commitment Organization terhadap Kinerja Pegawai melalui Kepuasan Kerja Pegawai sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Riset Bisnis Dan Manajemen Tirtayasa (JRBMT), 5(2), 126–146. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.48181/jrbmt.v5i2.13080 Pengaruh
Chawla, S., & Singla, D. J. (2021). Factors Affecting Employee Retention Strategies Hospitality Sector. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, 12(10), 1861–1872.
CMI, J. F. R., Varghese, L. M., & Alex, D. J. (2021). Impact of Employee Engagement on Employee Attrition and Job Satisfaction. PalArch’s Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 18(1), 4847–4852.
Davidescu, A. A., Apostu, S., Paul, A., & Casuneanu, I. (2020). Work Flexibility, Job Satisfaction, and Job Performance among Romanian Employees — Implications for Sustainable Human Resource Management. MDPI, 12, 1–53.
Efendi, R., Nanang, M., Bahrun, K., & Milla, H. (2020). The Mediation of Work Motivation on the Effects of Work Discipline and Compensation on Performance Batik MSMEs Employees in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7, 689–703. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i1.1375
Eka, F., & Anik, H. (2020). The Effect of Organizational Communication and Job Satisfaction on Employee Engagement and Employee Performance At PT. ABYOR INTERNATIONAL. Dijemss, 1(4), 479–489. https://doi.org/10.31933/DIJEMSS
Engidaw, A. E. (2021). The effect of motivation on employee engagement in public sectors: in the case of North Wollo zone. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-021-00185-1
Fatyandri, A. N. (2021). Elemen Penting yang Mempengaruhi Kinerja Karyawan pada Hotel Berbintang Empat di Batam. Jurnal Sketsa Bisnis, 08(02), 99–111.
Fazlurrahman, H., Wijayawati, D. T., Hadi, H. K., Rahman, Z., Nugrohoseno, D., & Rahman, M. F. W. (2020). Analysis of Work Engagement Measurement at Work From Home Due to The Effect of Covid-19 Pandemic. Technium Social Sciences Journal, 14(June 2023), 363–375.
Ferine, K. F., Risdwiyanto, A., Nurfauzi, Y., & Kraugusteeliana, K. (2023). Compensation’s Impact on Employee Engagement and Performance. Gemilang: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 3(2), 164–178.
Gemasih, H., Eliyin, Rayuwati, & Yustisar, M. (2022). The Effect of Supervision, Leadership, and Compensation on Employee Engagement in PT Prima Mas Indonesia. International Journal of Science, Techonology & Management, 3, 972–984.
Ghozali, I. (2021). Partial Least Squares : Konsep, Teknik dan Aplikasi Menggunakan Program SmartPLS 3.2.9 untuk Penelitian Empiris. Semarang : Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis Universitas Diponegoro.
Grobelna, A. (2020). Hotel Employees ’ Individual Characteristics and their Service Outcomes : The Critical Role of Polychronicity. European Research Studies Journal, 24(2), 28–49.
Grobelna, A. (2021). Emotional Exhaustion and its Consequences for Hotel Service Quality : The Critical Role of Workload and Supervisor Support. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 30(4), 395–418. https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2021.1841704
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203
Hasan, T., Jawaad, M., & Butt, I. (2021). The Influence of Person–Job it, Work–Life Balance, and Work Conditions on Organizational Commitment: Investigating the Mediation of Job Satisfaction in the Private Sector of the Emerging Market. MDPI, 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13126622
Idris, Adi, K. R., Soetjipto, B. E., & Supriyanto, A. S. (2020). The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction on Compensation, Work Environment, and Employee Performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 8(2), 735–750.
Kumar, A., Memon, B., Sohu, Z. H., & Maharvi, M. W. (2023). Polychronicity as Moderator in the Relationship between Skill Variety and Job Satisfaction. International Journal of Organizational Leadership, 12, 269–276.
Lando, R. A., Lukito, H., & Rivai, H. A. (2023). Influence of Workload and Compensation on Job Satisfaction in the Accommodation Service Sector with Work Life Balance as Moderating Effect. Enrichment: Journal of Management, 12(6), 5134–5413.
Magito. (2020). The Effect of Compensation and Work Environment To Employee Performance of PT ASS. Dinasti International Journal of Management Science, 2(1), 12–25. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijms.v2i1.513
Maslikha, I. (2022). Effect of Organizational Trust and Job Satisfaction on Employee Engagement and Their Impact on Job Performance. Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting, 3(2), 149–159. https://doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v3i2.1183
Mauliddya, D. (2021). The Effect of Employee Engagement on Job Satisfaction through Affective Commitment at PT Ultra Medika Surabaya. Journal of Business and Management Review, 2(9), 634–647. https://doi.org/10.47153/jbmr29.2162021
Mon, M. D., & Mulyadi, S. (2021). Pengaruh Kompensasi, Pelatihan dan Pengembangan, Pemberdayaan Karyawan Terhadap Turnover Intention dan Kepuasan Kerja Sebagai Mediasi di Hotel Berbintang Kota Batam. CoMBInES-Conference on Management, Business, Innovation, Education and Social Sciences, 1(1), 2165–2177.
Mon, M. D., Robin, & Tarihoran, O. J. (2021). Effect of Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance With Employee Engagement As a Mediation Variable. Journal of Business Studies and Mangement Review, 5(1), 62–69. https://doi.org/10.22437/jbsmr.v5i1.14333
Nelson, A., & Setyawan, A. (2019). Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penerapan Keterlibatan Karyawan pada Industri Manufakturing. Journal of Global Business and Management Review, 1(2), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.37253/jgbmr.v1i2.653
Nugraha, R. K., Eksanti, A. P., & Haloho, Y. O. (2022). The Influence of Financial Literacy, Financial Behavior and Income on Investment Decision. EAJ (Economic and Accounting Journal), 18, 68–78. https://doi.org/10.32493/eaj.v1i1.y2018.p1-10
Nuraeni, Nasri, R., Limakrisna, N., Prayitno, I., & Darto. (2021). The Model of Employee Engagement in Indonesia Empirical Study on the Indonesian Millennial Generation. Review of International Geographical Education, 11(5), 3410–3421. https://doi.org/10.48047/rigeo.11.05.230
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